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小写希腊字母 ​

latex
%α 
\alpha
%ν 
\nu
%β 
\beta
%γ 
\gamma	
%δ 
\delta
%π 
\pi
%ϵ 
\epsilon
%ρ 
\rho
%ζ 
\zeta
%σ 
\sigma
%η 
\eta			
%τ 
\tau
%θ 
\theta
%υ 
\upsilon
%ι 
\iota
%ϕ 
\phi
%κ 
\kappa
%χ 
\chi
%λ 
\lambda	
%ψ 
\psi
%μ 
\mu
%ω 
\omega

大写希腊字母 ​

将原有的小写希腊字母的首字母大写即可

latex
%A 
\Alpha
%B 
\Beta
%Γ 
\Gamma
%Λ 
\Lambda
%Σ 
\Sigma
%Ψ 
\Psi
%Δ 
\Delta
%Υ 
\Upsilon
%Ω 
\Omega
%Θ 
\Theta
%Ξ 
\Xi
%Π 
\Pi
%Φ 
\Phi

运算符 & 空格 ​

普通字符在数学公式中含义一样,除了 # $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { } 若要在数学环境中表示这些符号# $ % & _ { },需要分别表示为# $ % & _ { },即在个字符前加上\ .

latex
%单空格 
a \quad b
%双空格 
a \qquad b
%乘号
\times
%#
#
%$
\$	
%%	 
\%
%&
\&
%_
\_
%–
-

上下标 ​

对于上标使用 下划线表示" _ " ;对于上标使用 " ^ "表示.

在此需要注意的是:LaTex​表达式默认的是 " _ " " ^ " 之后的一位才是上下标的内容,对于超过一个字母的上下标需要使用 { } 将它括起来

latex
\hat{a}

a^

latex
\acute{a}

a´

latex
\grave{a}

a`

latex
\breve{a}

a˘

latex
\bar{a}

a¯

latex
\widetilde{a}

a~

latex
\check{a}

aˇ

latex
\tilde{a}

a~

latex
\dot{a}

a˙

latex
\ddot{a}

a¨

latex
\vec{a}

a→

latex
\widehat{a}

a^

这些重音符号可用于表示变量的不同数学和科学含义,如导数,向量和其他特殊功能.在撰写数学或物理学文献时,使用这些修饰符可以帮助传达精确的概念.

log ​

logexy

latex
log_{e}{xy}

括号 ​

LaTex$$表达式中的 ( ) , [ ] 均可以正常使用,但是对于 { } 需要使用[转义字符](https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=转义字符&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020)使用,即使用 "\{" 和 "\}" 表示 { } ```latex \left( A \right) ``` $\left( A \right)$ ```latex \vert A \vert ``` $\vert A \vert$ ```latex \Vert A \Vert ``` $\Vert A \Vert$ ```latex \langle A \rangle ``` $\langle A \rangle$ ```latex \lceil A \rceil ``` $\lceil A \rceil$ ```latex \lfloor A \rfloor ``` $\lfloor A \rfloor$ 对于需要调整大小的标准数学符号,如圆括号,方括号等,您可以使用 `\left` 和 `\right` 命令,或者 `\bigl`, `\Bigl`, `\biggl`, `\Biggl` 等命令来调整左边符号的大小,以及 `\bigr`, `\Bigr`, `\biggr`, `\Biggr` 等命令来调整右边符号的大小.下面是一些例子: ```latex \Biggl( \biggl( \Bigl( \bigl( A \bigr) \Bigr) \biggr) \Biggr) ``` $\Biggl( \biggl( \Bigl( \bigl( A \bigr) \Bigr) \biggr) \Biggr)$ **请注意,`\left` 和 `\right` 命令总是成对出现,用以自动调整与中间内容相匹配的大小.而 `\bigl`, `\Bigl`, `\biggl`, `\Biggl` 等命令需要与 `\bigr`, `\Bigr`, `\biggr`, `\Biggr` 等对应的命令成对使用,以确保左右符号的大小相匹配** 在撰写具有复杂分隔符的数学文档时,这些命令非常有用,因为它们能帮助清晰地表示嵌套的数学结构. $f(x)=\begin{cases} x = \cos(t) \\y = \sin(t) \\ z = \frac xy \end{cases}$ ```latex f(x)=\begin{cases} x = \cos(t) \\y = \sin(t) \\ z = \frac xy \end{cases} ``` $f(x)=\begin{cases} 0& \text{x=0}\\1& \text{x!=0} \end{cases}$ ```latex f(x)=\begin{cases} 0& \text{x=0}\\1& \text{x!=0} \end{cases} ``` ### 矩阵 $\begin{matrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{matrix}$ ```latex \begin{matrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{matrix} ``` $\begin{pmatrix} 0 & -i \\ i & 0 \end{pmatrix}\\$ ```latex \begin{pmatrix} 0 & -i \\ i & 0 \end{pmatrix}\\ ``` $\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$ ```latex \begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix} ``` $\begin{Bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{Bmatrix}$ ```latex \begin{Bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{Bmatrix} ``` $\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}$ ```latex \begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix} ``` $\begin{Vmatrix} i & 0 \\ 0 & -i \end{Vmatrix}$ ```latex \begin{Vmatrix} i & 0 \\ 0 & -i \end{Vmatrix} ``` ### 求和&积分 $\sum$ ```latex \sum ``` $\int$ ```latex \int ``` $\sum_1^n$ ```latex \sum_1^n ``` $\sum_{i=0}^\infty i^2$ ```latex \sum_{i=0}^\infty i^2 ``` $\prod_{k=1}^n k = n!$ ```latex \prod_{k=1}^n k = n! ``` $\infty\bigcup\bigcap\iint\iiint$ ```latex \infty \bigcup \bigcap \iint \iiint % 类推到任意多重积分 ``` ### 开方 $\sqrt{x^3}$ ```latex \sqrt{x^3} ``` $\sqrt[3]{\frac xy}$ ```latex \sqrt[3]{\frac xy} % \frac是分数的分割线,分割后面紧跟的两个元素 % \sqrt 后面可以跟中括号[n],其中n是开n次方根 ``` ### 分数 ```latex \frac \frac{a+1}{b+1} {a+1\over b+1} \cfrac {a}{b} % 适用于复杂分数表示式,上述三种适用于简单分数表达式 ``` > `\cfrac`和`\frac`都是用来表示分数的LaTeX命令,但它们有一些区别: > > 1. `\cfrac`: `\cfrac{a}{b}`表示一个带有水平线的分数,水平线会根据分子和分母的大小自动调整长度,适用于较大的分数表达式. > 2. `\frac`: `\frac{a}{b}`表示一个普通的分数,水平线的长度会固定为分子和分母的长度,适用于简单的分数表达式. > > 如果您需要显示一个较大的分数表达式,可以考虑使用`\cfrac`命令,如果是简单的分数表达式,则可以使用`\frac`命令. ### 特殊函数 > - 间距 > - 插入正间距`\,` > - 插入负间距`\i` $\lim\,\,\,\,\,\lim_{x\to 0}\,\,\,\,\,\sin x\,\,\,\,\,\cos x\,\,\,\,\,\hat x\,\,\,\,\,\widehat{xy}\,\,\,\,\,\bar x\,\,\,\,\,\overline{xyz}\,\,\,\,\,\vec x\,\,\,\,\,\overrightarrow{xyz}\,\,\,\,\,\overleftrightarrow{xyz}\,\,\,\,\,\stackrel{F.T}{\longrightarrow}\,\,\,\,\,\dot x\,\,\,\,\,\ddot x$ ```latex \lim \lim_{x\to 0} % \to是右箭头 \sin x \cos x \hat x \widehat{xy} \bar x \overline{xyz} \vec x \overrightarrow{xyz} % 顶上的右箭头 \overleftrightarrow{xyz} % 顶上的左右箭头 \stackrel{F.T}{\longrightarrow} \dot x \ddot x ``` ### 特殊符号和符号 ```latex \lt ``` $<$ ```latex \gt ``` $>$ ```latex \le ``` $\leq$ ```latex \leqq ``` $\leqq$ ```latex \leqslant ``` $\leqslant$ ```latex \ge ``` $\geq$ ```latex \geqq ``` $\geqq$ ```latex \geqslant ``` $\geqslant$ ```latex \neq ``` $\neq$ ```latex \not\lt ``` $\not\lt$ ```latex \not ``` (not applicable as it is an operation rather than a symbol) ```latex \times ``` $\times$ ```latex \div ``` $\div$ ```latex \pm ``` $\pm$ ```latex \mp ``` $\mp$ ```latex \cdot ``` $\cdot$ ```latex \cup ``` $\cup$ ```latex \cap ``` $\cap$ ```latex \setminus ``` $\setminus$ ```latex \subset ``` $\subset$ ```latex \subseteq ``` $\subseteq$ ```latex \subsetneq ``` $\subsetneq$ ```latex \supset ``` $\supset$ ```latex \in ``` $\in$ ```latex \notin ``` $\notin$ ```latex \emptyset ``` $\emptyset$ ```latex \varnothing ``` $\varnothing$ ```latex \choose ``` (not applicable as it is part of a command rather than a standalone symbol) ```latex \to ``` $\to$ ```latex \rightarrow ``` $\rightarrow$ ```latex \leftarrow ``` $\leftarrow$ ```latex \Rightarrow ``` $\Rightarrow$ ```latex \Leftarrow ``` $\Leftarrow$ ```latex \mapsto ``` $\mapsto$ ```latex \land ``` $\land$ ```latex \lor ``` $\lor$ ```latex \lnot ``` $\lnot$ ```latex \forall ``` $\forall$ ```latex \exists ``` $\exists$ ```latex \top ``` $\top$ ```latex \bot ``` $\bot$ ```latex \vdash ``` $\vdash$ ```latex \vDash ``` $\vDash$ ```latex \star ``` $\star$ ```latex \ast ``` $\ast$ ```latex \oplus ``` $\oplus$ ```latex \circ ``` $\circ$ ```latex \bullet ``` $\bullet$ ```latex \approx ``` $\approx$ ```latex \sim ``` $\sim$ ```latex \simeq ``` $\simeq$ ```latex \cong ``` $\cong$ ```latex \equiv ``` $\equiv$ ```latex \prec ``` $\prec$ ```latex \lhd ``` $\lhd$ ```latex \therefore ``` $\therefore$ ```latex \infty ``` $\infty$ ```latex \aleph_0 ``` $\aleph_0$ ```latex \nabla ``` $\nabla$ ```latex \partial ``` $\partial$ ```latex \Im ``` $\Im$ ```latex \Re ``` $\Re$ ```latex \equiv\ \pmod{n} ``` $a \equiv b \pmod{n}$ ```latex \ldots ``` $\ldots$ ```latex \cdots ``` $\cdots$ ```latex \epsilon ``` $\epsilon$ ```latex \varepsilon ``` $\varepsilon$ ```latex \phi ``` $\phi$ ```latex \varphi ``` $\varphi$ ```latex \ell ``` $\ell$ > Please note that some commands such as `\not` are not symbols themselves but rather are combined with other symbols to create a negated version (e.g., `\not\lt` creates a "not less than" symbol). Also, the `\choose` command is typically part of a larger construct to create binomial coefficients, so I've provided the `\binom` version instead for a correct standalone command. ### 字体 ```latex \mathbb{ABCDE} ``` $\mathbb{ABCDE}$ ```latex \mathbf{abcde} ``` $\mathbf{abcde}$ ```latex \mathtt{ABCDE} ``` $\mathtt{ABCDE}$ ```latex \mathrm{ABCDE} ``` $\mathrm{ABCDE}$ ```latex \mathsf{ABCDE} ``` $\mathsf{ABCDE}$ ```latex \mathcal{ABCDE} ``` $\mathcal{ABCDE}$ ```latex \mathscr{ABCDE} ``` $\mathscr{ABCDE}$ ```latex \mathfrak{ABCDE} ``` $\mathfrak{ABCDE}$ > 请注意 `\Bbb` 命令在许多 LaTeX 系统中已经过时,取而代之的是 `\mathbb`.另外, `\mathscr` 需要 `mathrsfs` 包,而 `\mathfrak` 需要 `amssymb` 或者 `amsfonts` 包.如果你在使用 LaTeX 的时候这些命令没有正常工作,可能需要在文档的序言部分添加相应的包.